Sternberg's Triarchic Theory of intelligence revolves around three different domains; that is, analytical, creative, and practical intelligence. People use these three domains to become more or less intelligent while they utilize their environment, prior experiences, and cognitive processes relating to a task. This theory involves much more dependence on itself than Gardner's Theory.
Gardner's Multiple Intelligences incorporates eight (and sometimes a ninth) different abilities which he calls multiple intelligences. These abilities are independent of each other and may not correlate with each other. They do not necessarily build or rely on each other and can function by themselves.
2. Evaluate—One the bottom of page 142, Ormrod gives
an example of questions for an intelligence test. Can you think of a way these questions may
be biased? What do such questions really measure?
The example on p. 142 is an intelligence test that has five questions. The first four questions are clearly verbal while the last question is visual. This can be biased when 80% of an exam are one particular way; in this case, a verbal majority can be biased towards non-English speaking students. These questions measure language skills and cultural norms. One of the questions asks about a common expression that people say; this can be unfair if the test-taker has never heard or been exposed to that expression. Many intelligence tests are biased in this manner. That is, the intelligence test measures previous knowledge as opposed to cognitive ability.
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